They traditionally identified themselves by one of their clans ( gosas) and now use the common umbrella term of Oromo which connotes "free born people". The Oromo never called themselves "Galla" and resist its use because the term is considered derogatory. A journal published by the International African Institute suggests it is an Oromo word (adopted by neighbours), for there is a word galla meaning 'wandering' or 'to go home' in their language. This historical information, according to Mohammed Hassen, is consistent with the written and oral traditions of the Somalis. It was a term for a river and a forest, as well as for the pastoral people established in the highlands of southern Ethiopia. The term, stated Juxon Barton in 1924, was in use for Oromo people by Abyssinians and Arabs. įra Mauro's term "Galla" is the most used term, however, until the early 20th century. The first verifiable record mentioning the Oromo people by a European cartographer is in the map made by the Italian Fra Mauro in 1460, which uses the term "Galla". Both older and subsequent colonial era documents mention the Oromo people as Galla, which has now developed derogatory connotations, but these documents were generally written by members of other ethnic groups. Knowledge of the origins and prehistory of the Oromo people prior to the 16th century are based on Oromo oral tradition. Map of Ethiopia highlighting the Oromia Region Although most modern Oromos are Muslims and Christians, the traditional religion native to the Oromos is Waaqeffanna, an ancient monotheistic religion.
A leader elected by the gadaa system remains in power for 8 years, with an election taking place at the end of those 8 years. Oromo used the gadaa system as the form of governance. They are the largest ethnic group in Ethiopia and represent 34.5% of Ethiopia's population. ˈ ɒr əm oʊ/ or / ɔː ˈ r oʊ m oʊ/ Oromo: Oromoo) are a Cushitic ethnic group and nation native to the Oromia region of Ethiopia and Kenya who speak the Oromo language as their mother tongue (also called Afaan Oromoo or Oromiffa), which is part of the Cushitic branch of the Afroasiatic language family. Somali, Sidama, Gabra, Rendille and other Cushitic people
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